Flexible shingle



H; MAcl'NNES.

FLEXIBLE SHINGLE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 21' 192].

2 SHEETSSHEET I. 4

H. MAcINNES.

FLEXIBLE SHINGLE.

APPIICATION FILED APR-21,1921.

- Patented Nov. 28, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patente Nov. 28, m2.

HUGH MAGINNES, or JERSEY crrY, NEW JERSEY.

FLEXIBLE smivenn.

Application filed April 21, 1921; Serial No. 463,195.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HUGH' MAoINNEs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Jersey City, county of Hudson, State of New 1 Jersey, have invented a certain new and-useful Flexible Shingle, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is a weatherproof covering for roofs, walls, and other surfaces of houses, buildings, and other structures, and it pertains, more particularly, to a flexible shingle adapted for'roofing purposes.

The shingle of vthis invention is ofsuch physical form as to secure several functions important in'this artfamong which are, facility of installation upon the surface to be covered; to retain each shingle'and all parts thereof'in interlocked relation to underlying shingles whereby the edge portions, and particularly the lowerexposed corner, of each shingle are precluded from upward displacement by wind pressure so that the shingle lies flat upon the surface and excludes rain, snow and sleet, from the marginal portions; and to impart to the exposed corner of the shingle the appearance of a thickened butt or end, the latter possessing the mechanical'utility of facilitating the assemblage and interlocking of the shingles at the time of installation.

The shingle is composed of 'flexible material possessing the requisite waterproof audweatherproof qualities. Among the features of novelty are a bent under corner flap offset by an intervening shoulder, said flap being spaced for an appreciable distance relatively to the body of the shingle and said shoulder presenting to the eye of an observer a thickened butt or end for the" shingle; further, in the rovision of shoulders formed by notches in t e opposite marginal portions of the shingle and extending inwardly with respect thereto, said notches and shoulders being each positioned intermediate two corners of the shingle and each notch being adapted for receiving the edge portion of an overlying shingle at a point adjacent the bent under flap; further, in the provision of tapering notches the edges of which are relatively inclined with a view to imparting a taper to the notch, which tapering form of notch permits the assemblage and interlockin of the shingles in a more facile manner. %)ther functions and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection withthe drawings, wherein-.-

' thickened butts 'of the shingles.

Figure 6 is a detail cross section on the line (5-6 of Figure 4.

Figure 7 is a plan view of the formof shingle, and V Figure 8 illustrates the assemblage in courses of shingles like Figure 7.

The shingle A is composed of flexible material treated in a manner now well known in the art to render said material weatherpreferred proof and waterproof; in other words. the

shingle is a blank composed of flexible roofing material impregnated or saturated with a waterproofing material. such as asphaltum,

or other substance or substances the action of which is to impart to the resultingshingle' the desirable weatherproof and waterproof qualities.

The shingle is of a desirable shape and size; but preferably the shingle is rectangug lar or diamond shape, it being essential in this invention that one cornerportion be folded or doubled upon theshingle body to produce an underlying flap B.

A peculiarity of this part of the shingle is that the flap occupies a permanent or fixed relation to the shingle body, in contradistinction to a bendable relation thereto as in some devices which have preceded my invention; and, further, there is provided'ashoulder C intermediate the flap and the shingle'body, which shoulder serves the functions (a) of means for spacing the flap relatively to the shingle body so that a space of appreciable-width intervenes the surface of the flap B and the surface of the shingle body (see FigureQ), and (b) the shoulder a thickened butt, see Figure 5, the apparent visible thickness of which is greatly in excess of the thickness of the layer of material composing the shingle. As shown, the shoulder C is at a right angle to'the plane of the shingle body and the plane of the flap, presenting a relatively wide edge at the thickened butt, but obviously this shoulder may be-c-urved in cross section instead of the straight cross section depicted in Figure. 2. As shown, the underlying flapis free from contact with the surface of the shingle body, there being a space of appreciable thickness intermediatethe opposing surfaces of the shingle body and said flap. Theseparation or spacing of the flap with respect to the shingle body is advantageous in installing the shingles for the reason, among others, that the edge or margin of an underlying shingle can easily be introduced into the space intervening the shingle body and the flap without requiring a relative dis placement of flap to shingle or the application of pressure to force the shingle into the desired interlocking relation.

The body portion of the shingle is provided with shoulders a, b for abutting contact with these portions of overlying shingle adjacent the bent under flaps thereof. As

shown in Figure 1. the soulders a, b are formed by the provision of notches a, b" in the opposite side edge or marginal portions of the shingle, said notches extending inwardly from the edges and said notches being located near to the cut off corners c, c of the shingle.

The operations of assembling and interlocking the shingles are shown in Figures 3 and 4. A course of shingles A is laid flat upon the roof or other surface, with the cut off corners c of adjacent shingles in abutting relation, with the notched margins u, 7) free as indicated at w in Figs. 1, 3,4, 7, and 8,

whereas two other nails, indicated at 00 01: are driven through the shingle approximatelyfour (4) inches above a diagonal line extending between opposite corners and above the notches b, 6 in Figs-1, 3, and 4, or e, 6 in Figs. 7 and 8. The nails to be driven at m :0 should be about one inch from the outside edge of the shingle, and

should not penetrate the underlying shingle,

but the position of the nails .1. a in the underlying shingle should be such that said nails m av are covered by the marginal portions of the overlying shingles, whereas nail w is covered by the body of the shingle to overlap the shingles of the underlying layer'or course, and so on in each succeeding course; but in applying each overlying shingle ,the notched edges of two adjacent underlying shingles are interlocked with one of the overlying shingles as depicted in Figure 4, from which it appears that the margin of the flap together with the edge of the shoulder of said overlying shingle is received or'fittedwithin one notch of an'underlying shingle, it being apparent that the notchesm", b' in two adjacent underlying shingles will receive the opposite end edges of'the shoulder C of the shingle immediately overlying saidtwo adjacent shingles. lVhen assembling the shingles the flap B of the overlying shingle extends beneath those portions of the'two adjacent shingles next to the cut off abutting corners c, 0 thereof, whereas the end portions of the shoulder in the overl ing shingle extends into the notches a", until contact is established with the shoulders a, b, the latter thus acting as stops to the entry of shoulder C of the overlying shingle-into said notches a, b of the two underlying shingles. The provision'of the spaceintermediate the flapand the shingle body is an advantage for the reasonthat the notched edges of the underlying shingles can easily enter said space without requiring the workmanto lift theshingle or to devote time and labor to themanipulation of the same, and in addition to facilitating the operation of laying the shingles, said shoulder .0 presents to the eye the appearance of a thickened butt, see Figure 5, the depth of which butt end of the shingle is in excess of the thickness of the individual plies or layers of material C0111- grising the shingle body and the underlying It will-be noted that in my invention the notched shingle having the shoulder and the flap is adapted for direct interlocking engagemje'nt with other adjacent shingles. by assembling the shingles for the shouldered end portion to be received directly into the notches of. other shingles. This direct interlocking of the shingles enables me to dispense with metallic or other devices provided ordinarily on shingles of this class for effecting an interlock between the shingles, and by thus dispensing with the metallic fasteners for interlocking the shingles I am enabled to materiallysimplify the construction and attain a desirable economy in manufacture. and in addition thereto effect a decrease in the time and labor ofthe workman when engaged in the installation of the shingles.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 7 and 8, wherein the shingle A is provided with the bent under fiap'B producing the shoulder C, all as hereinbefore described. The corners are cut away at c, 0, and notches e, e are provided to produce the shoulders '6, each notch being formed by edges 6 which are inclined relatively to each other, the edges (2 converging inwardly with respect to the margin of the shingle. The converging edges result in the formation of a tapering notch, the taper of which enables the edge of shoulder C on an overlying shingle to be fitted. more easily and freely into said notch.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A shingle provided in a marginal portion with an inwardly extending notch and having atone corner a flap spaced relatively to the shingle body and producing a shoulder adapted for interlocking engagement with the notch of an underlying shingle.

2. A shingle provided in two marginal portions with inwardly extending notches and having at one corner thereof an underlying flap producing a shoulder adapted for interlocking engagement with notches 4.5 and having at one corner an underlying flapof underlying shingles to eflect a direct interlocking connection therewith.

3. A shingle provided at a marginal portion with an inwardly extended notch and having at one cornera flap spaced relatively.

to the shingle body and producing an offset, a shoulder directly engageable with the notch of an underlying shingle to effect a positive direct interlocking connection therewith.

4. A shingle composed of composition roofing material and provided in two edges thereof with inwardly extending notches joined to the body of the shingle by ashoulder, the latter being adapted to be received in the notches of underlying shingles for effecting a direct interlocking engagement be:

tween said shingles.

5. A shingle composed of flexiblematerial and provided in two opposite edges thereof with tapering notches, said shingle having a doubled under flap producing a shoulder adapted to be received in the notches of underlying shingles.

6. A shingle composed of flexible material and provided with notches in two of the margins and with a. bent under flap producing a shoulder, the opposite corners of the shingle adjacent said notches being cut off.

7 A flexible shingle provided in two margins thereof with inwardly extending notches and having a bent under flap spaced relatively to the body of the shingle, said flap producing an abrupt shoulder adapted to be received within the notches of underlying shingles for effecting a direct interlocking engagement between said shingles.

8. A shingle having opposite corners cut away, and provided at one corner with'an underlying flap and provided adjacent the cut away corners with notches, said undershoulder exceeding the thickness of the body portion of the shingle, whereby said shoulder presents the appearance of a thickened butt to the shingle.

In testimony whereof I have hereto signed my name this 18th day of April, 1921.

HUGH MAGINNES. 

